Analysis of Feature Models Using Alloy: A Survey

Feature Models (FMs) are a mechanism to model variability among a family of closely related software products, i.e. a software product line (SPL). Analysis of FMs using formal methods can reveal defects in the specification such as inconsistencies that cause the product line to have no valid products. A popular framework used in research for FM analysis is Alloy, a light-weight formal modeling notation equipped with an efficient model finder. Several works in the literature have proposed different strategies to encode and analyze FMs using Alloy. However, there is little discussion on the relative merits of each proposal, making it difficult to select the most suitable encoding for a specific analysis need. In this paper, we describe and compare those strategies according to various criteria such as the expressivity of the FM notation or the efficiency of the analysis. This survey is the first comparative study of research targeted towards using Alloy for FM analysis. This review aims to identify all the best practices on the use of Alloy, as a part of a framework for the automated extraction and analysis of rich FMs from natural language requirement specifications.Comment: In Proceedings FMSPLE 2016, arXiv:1603.0857

Lightweight and static verification of UML executable models

Executable models play a key role in many software development methods by facilitating the (semi)automatic implementation/execution of the software system under development. This is possible because executable models promote a complete and fine-grained specification of the system behaviour. In this context, where models are the basis of the whole development process, the quality of the models has a high impact on the final quality of software systems derived from them. Therefore, the existence of methods to verify the correctness of executable models is crucial. Otherwise, the quality of the executable models (and in turn the quality of the final system generated from them) will be compromised. In this paper a lightweight and static verification method to assess the correctness of executable models is proposed. This method allows us to check whether the operations defined as part of the behavioural model are able to be executed without breaking the integrity of the structural model and returns a meaningful feedback that helps repairing the detected inconsistencies.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Lightweight and static verification of UML executable models

Executable models play a key role in many development methods (such as MDD and MDA) by facilitating the immediate simulation/implementation of the software system under development. This is possible because executable models include a fine-grained specification of the system behaviour using an action language. Executable models are not a new concept but are now experiencing a comeback. As a relevant example, the OMG has recently published the first version of the “Foundational Subset for Executable UML Models” (fUML) standard, an executable subset of the UML that can be used to define, in an operational style, the structural and behavioural semantics of systems. The OMG has also published a beta version of the “Action Language for fUML” (Alf) standard, a concrete syntax conforming to the fUML abstract syntax, that provides the constructs and textual notation to specify the fine-grained behaviour of systems. The OMG support to executable models is substantially raising the interest of software companies for this topic. Given the increasing importance of executable models and the impact of their correctness on the final quality of software systems derived from them, the existence of methods to verify the correctness of executable models is becoming crucial. Otherwise, the quality of the executable models (and in turn the quality of the final system generated from them) will be compromised. Despite the number of research works targetting the verification of software models, their computational cost and poor feedback makes them difficult to integrate in current software development processes. Therefore, there is the need for efficient and useful methods to check the correctness of executable models and tools integrated to the modelling tools used by designers. In this thesis we propose a verification framework to help the designers to improve the quality of their executable models. Our framework is composed of a set of lightweight static methods, i.e. methods that do not require to execute the model in order to check the desired property. These methods are able to check several properties over the behavioural part of an executable model (for instance, over the set of operations that compose a behavioural executable model) such as syntactic correctness (i.e. all the operations in the behavioural model conform to the syntax of the language in which it is described), non-redundancy (i.e. there is no another operation with exactly the same behaviour), executability (i.e. after the execution of an operation, the reached system state is -in case of strong executability- or may be -in case of weak executability- consistent with the structural model and its integrity constraints) and completeness (i.e. all possible changes on the system state can be performed through the execution of the operations defined in the executable model). For incorrect models, the methods that compose our verification framework return a meaningful feedback that helps repairing the detected inconsistencies

Desnutrición infantil en un distrito popular de Lima, Perú : por una intervención educativa sensible a modelos locales

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal

Verifying consistency between structural and behavioral schemas in UML

The specification of an information system must include all relevant static and dynamic aspects of the domain. The static aspects are collected in structural diagrams that are represented in UML by means of class diagrams. Dynamic aspects are usually specified by means of a behavioral schema consisting of a set of system operations (composed by actions) that the user may execute to query and/or modify the information modeled in the class diagram. Behavioral schemas must be consistent with regard to structural schemas. Consistency between both schemas means that the set of system operations provided by designers must be syntactically consistent (i.e, the operation specifications conform to a particular syntax), executable (i.e, for each operation there must exist a system state over which the operation can be successfully applied), complete (i.e, through these operations, users should be able to modify the population of all modifiable elements in the class diagram) and non-redundant (i.e, there are not (partly) superfluous operations). The goal of this thesis is to give a method to determine the consistency between structural and behavioral schemas of an information system. Moreover, in case of inconsistent schemas the method must provide feedback information to allow designers modify their behavioral schemas in order to repair the inconsistency

Strategic recommendations about primary and community health care model

Enfortiment del sistema sanitari; Assessorament sobre polítiques; Atenció comunitàriaFortalecimiento del sistema de salud; Asesoramiento sobre políticas; Atención comunitariaHealth system strengthening; Policy advice; Community careL'objectiu d'aquest document és fer propostes, formulades en forma de recomanacions estratègiques, que orientin el model de l’APiC i abordin el model assistencial des de la proximitat.El objetivo de este documento es hacer propuestas, formuladas en forma de recomendaciones estratégicas, que orienten al modelo de la APC y aborden el modelo asistencial desde la proximidad.The purpose of this document is to make proposals formulated as strategic recommendations that guide the Primary and Community Care (PCC) model and address the care model from a proximity perspective

Guidance on the model of care for people with social and health care needs

Enfortiment del sistema sanitari; Assessorament sobre polítiques; Atenció integrada; Atenció social i sanitàriaFortalecimiento del sistema de salud; Asesoramiento sobre políticas; Atención integrada; Atención social y sanitariaHealth system strengthening; Policy advice; Integrated care; Social and health careL’objectiu d’aquest document és orientar en una fórmula concreta per al desenvolupament (governança i gestió) de les polítiques públiques de l’atenció a les persones amb necessitats socials i sanitàries, que garanteixi l’equitat, la qualitat i l’eficiència des d’un model assistencial de proximitat per assolir la millora de la salut i el benestar de les persones.El objetivo de este documento es orientar en una fórmula concreta para el desarrollo (gobernanza y gestión) de las políticas públicas de la atención a las personas con necesidades sociales y sanitarias, que garantice la equidad, la calidad y la eficiencia desde un modelo asistencial de proximidad para alcanzar la mejora de la salud y el bienestar de las personas.The purpose of this document is to provide guidance on a specific formula for the development (governance and management) of public policies for the care of people with health and social care needs which guarantees equity, quality and efficiency based on a local care model to improve people's health and wellbeing

Strategic recommendations for the specialised healthcare model

Atenció sanitària especialitzada; Estratègia sanitària; PlanificacióAtención sanitaria especializada; Estrategia sanitaria; PlanificaciónSpecialized health care; Health strategy; PlanningL'objectiu d'aquest document és formular recomanacions estratègiques que orientin el model d’atenció especialitzada, dintre d’un model d’atenció integral i integrada de salut, que cuidi a les persones, proporcioni un entorn adient als professionals, prioritzi l’atenció de proximitat i sigui equitatiu, de qualitat i sostenible

The health system in the post-COVID-19 crisis era

Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCov; Etapa postcrisi; Sistema de salutCoronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCov; Etapa poscrisis; Sistema de saludCoronavirus SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; 2019-nCov; Post-COVID-19 crisis; Health systemAquest document conté una valoració inicial realitzada pel Consell Assessor de Salut (CAS), òrgan d’assessorament del Departament de Salut, sobre com cal orientar el sistema sanitari en l’etapa postcrisi de la COVID-19. Aquesta valoració s’ha construït a partir d’una breu anàlisi crítica i de l’aprenentatge de l’experiència a fi d’aplicar-ho al futur

Lightweight Executability Analysis of Graph Transformation Rules

Proceedings of: IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC 2010). Leganés-Madrid, Spain 21-25 Septemeber 2010.Domain Specific Visual Languages (DSVLs) play a cornerstone role in Model-Driven Engineering (MDE), where (domain specific) models are used to automate the production of the final application. Graph Transformation is a formal, visual, rule-based technique, which is increasingly used in MDE to express in-place model transformations like refactorings, animations and simulations. However, there is currently a lack of methods able to perform static analysis of rules, taking into account the DSVL meta-model integrity constraints. In this paper we propose a lightweight, efficient technique that performs static analysis of the weak executability of rules. The method determines if there is some scenario in which the rule can be safely applied, without breaking the meta-model constraints. If no such scenario exists, the method returns meaningful feedback that helps repairing the detected inconsistencies.Work funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through mobility grants JC2009-00015 and PR2009-0019, projects TIN2008-02081 and TIN2008-00444 and the R&D programme of the Madrid Community, project S2009/TIC-1650.Publicad